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The Moon Who Raised Yosef

Yaakov thought Yosef's dream could not come true, for his mother was gone, but the Midrash teaches that the moon in the dream was Bilhah, who had raised him.

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Yosef was seventeen, and he spent his days with the sons of Bilhah and Zilpah. Rashi explains why: the other brothers slighted them as the sons of maids, so Yosef made a point of being their companion. Midrash Tanchuma adds that he told his father how the others treated them like servants, while he treated them as brothers.

Then Yosef dreamed a second dream. The sun, the moon and eleven stars were bowing down to him. He told it to his father in front of his brothers, and Yaakov rebuked him: what is this dream you have dreamed? Shall I and your mother and your brothers come and bow to the ground before you? The Midrash explains Yaakov's question. Is your mother not dead? How then can the moon bow down to you? Rashi adds that Yaakov meant to show the dream could not be fulfilled, so that his sons would forget it and not envy Yosef.

Yet the next verse says that his father kept the matter in mind. The Midrash teaches that Yaakov did not realize that the dream spoke of Bilhah, Rachel's maid, who had raised Yosef as though she were his own mother. Rachel had given birth to him, but it was Bilhah who brought him up, and in the dream she stood in a mother's place.

Source: Bereishis 37:2, 37:9–11; Midrash Bereishis Rabbah 84:11; Rashi on Bereishis 37:2, 37:10; Midrash Tanchuma, Vayeshev 7. English: The Sefaria Midrash Rabbah (2022); Pentateuch with Rashi's Commentary (Rosenbaum and Silbermann, 1929–1934); Midrash Tanhuma-Yelammedenu (trans. Samuel A. Berman).

Practical lessonThank the one who raised you

Bilhah never gave birth to Yosef, yet in his dream she was his mother. Think of someone who helped raise you without being obliged to: a grandparent, a stepparent, an aunt, a teacher, a neighbor who always had a meal ready. This week, call or write to that person and tell them one specific thing they did for you that you still remember. If they are no longer alive, learn a mishnah or give tzedakah in their memory.

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